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Oceanographic and Marine
Meteorological Observation conducted by Japan
Meteorological Agency |
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1. Purpose |
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The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) was started as the Tokyo
Meteorological Observatory (TMO) in the Ministry of Interior in 1875. The major activities of JMA are: (i) to
issue warnings, advisories and forecasts in short-range, one-week and
long-range ; (ii) to deal with the global environmental issues such as global
warming and ozone depletion; (iii) to provide information on earthquake and
volcanic activities. Atmospheric and oceanographic
observations are the basis of providing meteorological services. JMA operates
comprehensive observations network for observing elements such as atmospheric
pressure, temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, precipitation,
sunshine duration, weather, sea water temperature and ocean currents
observations. These data are acquired by surface observations made at observatories
and at AMeDAS stations; upper-air observations; weather radar observations;
meteorological satellite observations; and oceanographic and marine
meteorological observations with ships and ocean data buoys. Furthermore, JMA
is making efforts to utilize data from other organizations of the government
and local authorities. |
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2. Oceanographic Observation
by Research Vessels |
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·
R/V Ryofu Maru : Marine Department at the Headquarter ·
R/V Kofu Maru : Hakodate Marine Observatory ·
R/V
Keifu Maru : Kobe Marine
Observatory ·
R/V Chofu Maru : Nagasaki Marine Observatory ·
R/V Seifu Maru : Maizuru Marine Observatory |
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4. Observation System |
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In order to monitor the large scale and
long term variation of the ocean, these vessels observe many oceanographic
and marine metrological data, such as water temperature, salinity and current
etc. And also the marine pollution
such as a heavy metal and hydrocarbon data, and the greenhouse gases
considered as the cause of global warming such as carbon dioxide and methane
are observed using these research vessels. The following measurement methods are
generally taken in JMA;
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5. Research
Results |
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The data Some pictures produced
from the result of this research activity are introduced in the page
‘Rerach/JP12/Pictures.htm’ for your reference. |
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6. Observation
Data |
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Since the oceanographic
observation data by JMA has been available as the JMA report, and also
through the International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange system
(IODE) promoted by IOC/UNSCO, we introduce only the information of its
research cruise in this dataset expect the research projects, such as WOCE,
SAGE etc. The cruise which are expected a
contribution for Ocean Flux study are counted more than 250 cruises from 1990
to 2000. The detail of these cruises is
introduced at ‘Research/JP12/Inventory.htm’. |
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7. Publications
/ Data Services |
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The data obtained by JMA had
been published in two series of reports: “The results of Oceanographical
Observations” since 1950 and “Data from Ocean Data Buoy Stations” since 1997. “The results of Oceanographical
Observations” had contained following data; ·
Hydrocast
Data ·
Heavy
Metal and Hydrocarbons Data ·
Particulate
Petroleum Residues (Tar Balls) Data ·
Subsurface
Temp. Data ·
Subsurface
Current (ADCP) Data ·
Plankton
Data JMA has published the data of
the above two reports in a CD-ROM with documents entitled “Data Report of
Oceanographic Observations” since 1995. JMA has played as World Data Center for Greenhouse Gases(WDCGG) to
collect, manage and provide the greenhouse gases data such as Carbon Dioxide
and Methane etc. in the atmosphere and ocean. All the data collected by
WDCGG is able to get and view in a graph at its web page http://gaw.kishou.go.jp/wdcgg.html. |
Last update on August 13,
2003
by Norio BABA